Incoming light scatters (see Brillouin scattering) off the resulting periodic index modulation and interference occurs similar to Bragg diffraction. These can be thought of as moving periodic planes of expansion and compression that change the index of refraction. An oscillating electric signal drives the transducer to vibrate, which creates sound waves in the material. A piezoelectric transducer is attached to a material such as glass. They are used in lasers for Q-switching, telecommunications for signal modulation, and in spectroscopy for frequency control. By vibrating the material with a pure sinusoid and tilting the AOM so the light is reflected from the flat sound waves into the first diffraction order, up to 90% deflection efficiency can be achieved.Īn acousto-optic modulator ( AOM), also called a Bragg cell or an acousto-optic deflector ( AOD), uses the acousto-optic effect to diffract and shift the frequency of light using sound waves (usually at radio-frequency). A light beam is diffracted into several orders.
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